Chesnutt'’s "Goophered Grapevine," published during American literature's Local Color or Regionalist movement, shares conventions with the better known but more controversial "Uncle Remus Stories" published by the white Atlanta journalist Joel Chandler Harris (1845-1908) featuring Br'er Rabbit, Br'er Fox, and Tar Baby, popularized (and since repressed) in the Disney film Song of the South (1947).

The Goophered Grapevine and other of Chesnutt's folktales circumvent the racial static associated with Harris's Uncle Remus and maintain literary prestige for several reasons:

Chesnutt was of African American descent in a period between the American Renaissance and the Harlem Renaissance—a period when African American literature, like its ethnic culture, struggled to establish a definite literary and cultural identity or movement.

Chesnutt created a number of numerous distinguished novels and stories, while Harris was more a transcriber, compiler, or editor of tales collected from African American storytellers.

Chesnutt's African American characters test the social limits of the Antebellum and Reconstruction South. Manipulating the sentimental stereotype of the faithful and grateful slave associated with Uncle Remus and Uncle Tom, for instance, Uncle Julius may here tell his story for the sake of his own business interests, whereas any identity for Uncle Remus beyond that of the faithful, humorous servant is left unsuspected and unexplored.

Conventions of local color or regionalism in Goophered Grapevine

"Framing device" in which a standard-English narrator introduces a dialect speaker. (Compare Twain's Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.)

Present-day narrative by first narrator shifts to past narrative by dialect speaker.

• First narrator’s diction and phrasing is prissy formal English that is more or less universal in acceptability or aspiration. (Romanticism)

• Second narrator, Uncle Julius, speaks southern African American dialect that is more defined or limited in terms of class or ethnicity. (Realism)

Dividing line between Realistic present and Romantic past is the Civil War. (Compare Twain's Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.)

Non-Realistic superstitions or beliefs are assigned to earlier times or mentalities. (cf. Washington Irving)

The Goophered Grapevine

[1] About ten years ago* my wife was in poor health, and our family doctor, in whose skill and honesty I had implicit confidence, advised a change of climate. I was engaged in grape-culture in northern Ohio, and decided to look for a locality suitable for carrying on the same business in some Southern State. I wrote to a cousin who had gone into the turpentine business in central North Carolina, and he assured me that no better place could be found in the South than the State and neighborhood in which he lived: climate and soil were all that could be asked for, and land could be bought for a mere song. [ <post-Civil War depression in South] A cordial invitation to visit him while I looked into the matter was accepted. We found the weather delightful at that season, the end of the summer, and were most hospitably entertained. Our host placed a horse and buggy at our disposal, and himself acted as guide until I got somewhat familiar with the country. [*"About ten years ago": text published in 1887, so app. 1877; in recent past, that is, but since the Civil War]

[2] I went several times to look at a place which I thought might suit me. It had been at one time a thriving plantation, but shiftless cultivation had well-nigh exhausted the soil. There had been a vineyard of some extent on the place, but it had not been attended to since the war, and had fallen into utter neglect. The vines—here partly supported by decayed and broken-down arbors [trellises], there twining themselves among the branches of the slender saplings which had sprung up among them—grew in wild and unpruned luxuriance, and the few scanty grapes which they bore were the undisputed prey of the first comer. The site was admirably adapted to grape-raising; the soil, with a little attention, could not have been better; and with the native grape, the luscious scuppernong*, mainly to rely upon, I felt sure that I could introduce and cultivate successfully a number of other varieties. [*scuppernong = large variety of muscadine grape discovered in 17c near Scuppernong River, NC]

[3] One day I went over with my wife, to show her the place. We drove between the decayed gate-posts—the gate itself had long since disappeared—and up the straight, sandy lane to the open space where a dwelling-house had once stood. But the house had fallen a victim to the fortunes of war [U.S. Civil War], and nothing remained of it except the brick pillars upon which the sills had rested. We alighted, and walked about the place for a while; but on Annie's complaining of weariness I led the way back to the yard, where a pine log, lying under a spreading elm, formed a shady though somewhat hard seat. One end of the log was already occupied by a venerable-looking colored man. He held on his knees a hat full of grapes, over which he was smacking his lips with great gusto, and a pile of grape-skins near him indicated that the performance was no new thing. He respectfully rose as we approached, and was moving away, when I begged him to keep his seat.

[4] "Don't let us disturb you," I said. "There's plenty of room for us all."

[5] He resumed his seat with somewhat of embarrassment.          [embarrassment = hesitant or confused in judgment or action]

[6] "Do you live around here?" I asked, anxious to put him at his ease.

[7] "Yas, suh. I lives des ober yander, behine de nex' san'-hill, on de Lumberton plank-road." [plank-road = popular 19c form of toll road; Lumberton = eastern NC city]

[8]  "Do you know anything about the time when this vineyard was cultivated?"

[9] "Lawd bless yer, suh, I knows all about it. Dey ain' na'er a man in dis settlement w'at won' tell yer ole Julius McAdoo 'uz bawn an' raise' on dis yer same plantation. Is you de Norv'n gemman w'at's gwine ter buy de ole vimya'd?" [the Northern gentleman what’s going to buy the old vineyard]

[10] "I am looking at it," I replied; "but I don't know that I shall care to buy unless I can be reasonably sure of making something out of it."

[11] "Well, suh, you is a stranger ter me, en I is a stranger ter you, en we is bofe strangers ter one anudder, but 'f I 'uz in yo' place, I wouldn' buy dis vimya'd."

[12] "Why not?" I asked.

[13] "Well, I dunner whe'r you b'lieves in cunj'in [conjuring] er not,—some er [of] de w'ite folks don't, er says dey don't,—but de truf er de matter is dat dis yer [here] ole vimya'd is goophered."

[14]  "Is what?" I asked, not grasping the meaning of this unfamiliar word.

[15]  "Is goophered, cunju'd, bewitch'." [goophered, conjured, bewitched]

[16] He imparted this information with such solemn earnestness,* and with such an air of confidential mystery, that I felt somewhat interested, while Annie was evidently much impressed, and drew closer to me.

[17] "How do you know it is bewitched?" I asked. [Julius McAdoo may be practicing the “deadpan,” a peculiarly American storytelling delivery in which a ridiculous story is told with a straight or impassive expression]

[18] "I wouldn' spec' fer you ter b'lieve me 'less you know all 'bout de fac's. But ef you en young miss dere doan' min' lis'n'in' ter a ole nigger run on a minute er two w'ile you er restin', I kin 'splain to yer how it all happen'." [I wouldn’t expect for you to believe me unless you know all about the facts. But if you and young miss there don’t mind listening to an old n----r run on a minute or two while you are resting, I can explain to you how it all happened.]

[19] We assured him that we would be glad to hear how it all happened, and he began to tell us. At first the current of his memory—or imagination—seemed somewhat sluggish; but as his embarrassment wore off, his language flowed more freely, and the story acquired perspective and coherence. As he became more and more absorbed in the narrative, his eyes assumed a dreamy expression, and he seemed to lose sight of his auditors [deadpan?], and to be living over again in monologue his life on the old plantation.

[20] "Ole Mars Dugal' McAdoo bought dis place long many years befo' de wah, en I 'member well w'en he sot [set] out all dis yer part er de plantation in scuppernon's. De vimes growed monst'us fas' [monstrous fast], en Mars [Master] Dugal' made a thousan' gallon er scuppernon' wine eve'y year.

[21] "Now, ef dey's an'thing a nigger lub, nex' ter 'possum, en chick'n, en watermillyums, it's scuppernon's. Dey ain' nuffin dat kin stan' up side'n de scuppernon' fer sweetness; sugar ain't a suckumstance ter scuppernon'. W'en de season is nigh 'bout ober, en de grapes begin ter swivel up des a little wid de wrinkles er ole age,—w'en de skin git sof' en brown,—den de scuppernon' make you smack yo' lip en roll yo' eye en wush fer mo'; so I reckon it ain' very 'stonishin' dat niggers lub scuppernon'. [precise description of grape = realistic detail]

[22] "Dey wuz a sight er niggers in de naberhood er de vimya'd. Dere wuz ole Mars [Master] Henry Brayboy's niggers, en ole Mars Dunkin McLean's niggers, en Mars Dugal's own niggers; den dey wuz a settlement er free niggers en po' buckrahs [whites] down by de Wim'l'ton [Wilmington] Road, en Mars Dugal' had de only vimya'd in de naberhood. I reckon it ain' so much so nowadays, but befo' de wah, in slab'ry [slavery] times, er nigger didn' mine goin' fi' er ten mile in a night, w'en dey wuz sump'n good ter eat at de yuther een. [other end]

[23] "So atter a w'ile Mars Dugal' begin ter miss his scuppernon's. Co'se [of course] he 'cuse' [accused] de niggers er it, but dey all 'nied it ter de las'. Mars Dugal' sot spring guns en steel traps, en he en de oberseah [overseer] sot up nights once't er twice't, tel one night Mars Dugal'—he 'uz a monst'us keerless man—got his leg shot full er cow-peas [lead shot]. But somehow er nudder dey couldn' nebber ketch none er de niggers. I dunner how it happen, but it happen des like I tell yer, en de grapes kep' on a-goin des de same.

[24] "But bimeby [by and by] ole Mars Dugal' fix' up a plan ter stop it. Dey 'uz a cunjuh 'ooman [conjure woman] livin' down mongs' de free niggers on de Wim'l'ton Road, en all de darkies fum Rockfish ter Beaver Crick wuz feared uv her. She could wuk de mos' powerfulles' kind er goopher,—could make people hab fits er rheumatiz, er make 'em des dwinel away en die [She could work the most powerfullets kind of gopher—could make people have fits of rheumatism, or make them just dwindle away and die]; en dey say she went out ridin' de niggers at night, for she wuz a witch 'sides bein' a cunjuh 'ooman. Mars Dugal' hearn 'bout Aun' Peggy's doin's, en begun ter 'flect whe'r er no [to reflect whether or not] he couldn' git her ter he'p him keep de niggers off'n de grapevimes. One day in de spring er de year, ole miss pack' up a basket er chick'n en poun'-cake, en a bottle er scuppernon' wine, en Mars Dugal' tuk it in his buggy en driv ober ter Aun' Peggy's cabin. He tuk de basket in, en had a long talk wid Aun' Peggy. De nex' day Aun' Peggy come up ter de vimya'd. De niggers seed her slippin' 'roun', en dey soon foun' out what she 'uz doin' dere. Mars Dugal' had hi'ed her ter goopher de grapevimes. She sa'ntered [sauntered; strolled] 'roun' mongs' de vimes, en tuk a leaf fum dis one, en a grape-hull fum dat one, en a grape-seed fum anudder one; en den a little twig fum here, en a little pinch er dirt fum dere,—en put it all in a big black bottle, wid a snake's toof en a speckle' hen's gall [gall bladder] en some ha'rs fum a black cat's tail, en den fill' de bottle wid scuppernon' wine. W'en she got de goopher all ready en fix', she tuk 'n went out in de woods en buried it under de root uv a red oak tree, en den come back en tole one er de niggers she done goopher de grapevimes, en a'er a nigger w'at eat dem grapes 'ud be sho ter die inside'n twel' mont's. [and any n----r what eat them grapes would be sure to die inside twelve months]

[25] "Atter dat de niggers let de scuppernon's 'lone, en Mars Dugal' didn' hab no 'casion ter fine no mo' fault; en de season wuz mos' gone, w'en a strange gemman stop at de plantation one night ter see Mars Dugal' on some business; en his coachman, seein' de scuppernon's growin' so nice en sweet, slip 'roun' behine de smoke-house, en et all de scuppernon's he could hole. Nobody didn' notice it at de time, but dat night, on de way home, de gemman's hoss runned away en kill' de coachman. W'en we hearn de noos [news], Aun' Lucy, de cook, she up 'n say she seed de strange nigger eat'n' er de scuppernon's behine de smoke-house; en den we knowed de goopher had b'en er wukkin. Den one er de nigger chilluns runned away fum de quarters one day, en got in de scuppernon's, en died de nex' week. W'ite folks say he die' er de fevuh, but de niggers knowed it wuz de goopher. So you k'n be sho de darkies didn' hab much ter do wid dem scuppernon' vimes.

[26] "W'en de scuppernon' season 'uz ober fer dat year, Mars Dugal' foun' he had made fifteen hund'ed gallon er wine; en one er de niggers hearn him laffin' wid de oberseah fit ter kill, en sayin' dem fifteen hund'ed gallon er wine wuz monst'us good intrus' [interest] on de ten dollars he laid out on de vimya'd. So I 'low ez [allow as] he paid Aun' Peggy ten dollars fer to goopher de grapevimes.

[27] "De goopher didn' wuk no mo' tel de nex' summer, w'en 'long to'ds [along towards] de middle er de season one er de fiel' han's died; en ez dat lef' Mars Dugal' sho't er han's [and as that left Master Dugal short of hands], he went off ter town fer ter buy anudder. He fotch de noo nigger home wid 'im. He wuz er ole nigger, er de color er a gingy-cake [ginger-cake], en ball ez a hoss-apple [bald as a horse-apple or osage-orange] on de top er his head. He wuz a peart [pert; high-spirited] ole nigger, do', en could do a big day's wuk.

[28] "Now it happen dat one er de niggers on de nex' plantation, one er ole Mars Henry Brayboy's niggers, had runned away de day befo', en tuk ter de swamp, en ole Mars Dugal' en some er de yuther nabor [neighbor] w'ite folks had gone out wid dere guns en dere dogs fer ter he'p 'em hunt fer de nigger; en de han's on our own plantation wuz all so flusterated dat we fuhgot ter tell de noo han' [the new hand] 'bout de goopher on de scuppernon' vimes. Co'se he smell de grapes en see de vimes, an atter dahk de fus' thing he done wuz ter slip off ter de grapevimes 'dout [without] sayin' nuffin ter nobody. Nex' mawnin' he tole some er de niggers 'bout de fine bait er scuppernon' he et de night befo'.

[29]  "W'en dey tole 'im 'bout de goopher on de grapevimes, he 'uz dat tarrified dat he turn pale, en look des like he gwine ter die right in his tracks. De oberseah [overseer] come up en axed w'at 'uz de matter; en w'en dey tole 'im Henry be'n eatin' er de scuppernon's, en got de goopher on 'im, he gin Henry a big drink er w'iskey, en 'low dat de nex' rainy day he take 'im ober ter Aun' Peggy's, en see ef she wouldn' take de goopher off'n him, seein' ez he didn' know nuffin erbout it tel he done et de grapes.

[30] "Sho nuff, it rain de nex' day, en de oberseah went ober ter Aun' Peggy's wid Henry. En Aun' Peggy say dat bein' ez Henry didn' know 'bout de goopher, en et de grapes in ign'ance er de quinseconces [consequences], she reckon she mought [might] be able fer ter take de goopher off'n him. So she fotch [fetched] out er bottle wid some cunjuh medicine in it, en po'd [poured] some out in a go'd [gourd] fer Henry ter drink. He manage ter git it down; he say it tas'e like whiskey wid sump'n bitter in it. She 'lowed dat 'ud keep de goopher off'n him tel de spring; but w'en de sap begin ter rise in de grapevimes he ha' ter come en see her agin, en she tell him w'at e's ter do. [when the sap begin to rise in the grapevines he had to come and see her again, and she tell him what else to do]

[31] "Nex' spring, w'en de sap commence' ter rise in de scuppernon' vime, Henry tuk a ham one night. Whar'd he git de ham? I doan know; dey wa'nt no hams on de plantation 'cep'n' w'at 'uz in de smoke-house, but I never see Henry 'bout de smoke-house. But ez I wuz a-sayin', he tuk de ham ober ter Aun' Peggy's; en Aun' Peggy tole 'im dat w'en Mars Dugal' begin ter prume [prune] de grapevimes, he mus' go en take 'n scrape off de sap whar it ooze out'n de cut een's er de vimes, en 'n'int [anoint] his ball head wid it; en ef he do dat once't a year de goopher wouldn' wuk agin 'im long ez he done it. En bein' ez he fotch [fetched] her de ham, she fix' it so he kin eat all de scuppernon' he want.

[32] "So Henry 'n'int his head wid de sap out'n de big grapevime des ha'f way 'twix' de [slave] quarters en de big house, en de goopher nebber wuk agin him dat summer. But de beatenes' [beatingest] thing you eber see happen ter Henry. Up ter dat time he wuz ez ball ez a sweeten' 'tater, but des ez soon ez de young leaves begun ter come out on de grapevimes de ha'r begun ter grow out on Henry's head, en by de middle er de summer he had de bigges' head er ha'r [of hair] on de plantation. Befo' dat, Henry had tol'able good ha'r 'roun de aidges [edges], but soon ez de young grapes begun ter come Henry's ha'r begun ter quirl all up in little balls, des like dis yer reg'lar grapy ha'r, en by de time de grapes got ripe his head look des like a bunch er grapes. Combin' it didn' do no good; he wuk at it ha'f de night wid er Jim Crow [tool for bending rails], en think he git it straighten' out, but in de mawnin' de grapes 'ud be dere des de same. So he gin [gave] it up, en tried ter keep de grapes down by havin' his ha'r cut sho't.

[33] "But dat wa'nt de quares' [queerest] thing 'bout de goopher. When Henry come ter de plantation, he wuz gittin' a little ole an stiff in de j'ints [joints]. But dat summer he got des ez spry en libely ez [just as spry and lively as] any young nigger on de plantation; fac' he got so biggity [full of himself] dat Mars Jackson, de oberseah, ha' ter th'eaten ter [had to threaten to] whip 'im, ef he didn' stop cuttin' up his didos [pranks, capers] en behave hisse'f. But de mos' cur'ouses' thing happen' in de fall, when de sap begin ter go down in de grapevimes. Fus', when de grapes 'uz gethered, de knots begun ter straighten out'n Henry's h'ar; en w'en de leaves begin ter fall, Henry's ha'r begin ter drap [drop] out; en w'en de vimes 'uz b'ar, Henry's head wuz baller 'n it wuz in de spring, en he begin ter git ole en stiff in de j'ints ag'in, en paid no mo' tention ter de gals dyoin' er [during] de whole winter. En nex' spring, w'en he rub de sap on ag'in, he got young ag'in, en so soopl en libely [supple and lively] dat none er de young niggers on de plantation couldn' jump, ner dance, ner hoe ez much cotton ez Henry. But in de fall er de year his grapes begun ter straighten out, en his j'ints [joints] ter git stiff, en his ha'r drap off, en de rheumatiz begin ter wrastle wid 'im.

[34] "Now, ef you'd a knowed ole Mars Dugal' McAdoo, you'd a knowed dat it ha' ter be a mighty rainy day when he couldn' fine sump'n fer his niggers ter do, en it ha' ter [had to] be a mighty little hole he couldn' crawl thoo, en ha' ter be a monst'us cloudy night w'en a dollar git by him in de dahkness; en w'en he see how Henry git young in de spring en ole in de fall, he 'lowed ter hisse'f ez [allowed to himself as] how he could make mo' money outen Henry dan by wukkin' him in de cotton fiel'. 'Long de nex' spring, atter de sap commence' ter rise, en Henry 'n'int 'is head en commence fer ter git young en soopl [supple], Mars Dugal' up 'n tuk Henry ter town, en sole 'im fer fifteen hunder' dollars. Co'se de man w'at bought Henry didn' know nuffin 'bout de goopher, en Mars Dugal' didn' see no 'casion fer ter tell 'im. Long to'ds de fall, w'en de sap went down, Henry begin ter git ole again same ez yuzhal [as usual], en his noo marster begin ter git skeered les'n he gwine ter lose his fifteen-hunder'- dollar nigger. He sent fer a mighty fine doctor, but de med'cine didn' 'pear ter do no good; de goopher had a good holt. Henry tole de doctor 'bout de goopher, but de doctor des laff at 'im.

[35] "One day in de winter Mars Dugal' went ter town, en wuz santerin' 'long de Main Street, when who should he meet but Henry's noo marster. Dey said 'Hoddy,' [howdy] en Mars Dugal' ax 'im ter hab a seegyar [asked him to have a cigar]; en atter dey run on awhile 'bout de craps [crops] en de weather, Mars Dugal' ax 'im, sorter keerless, like ez ef he des thought of it,—

[36] "'How you like de nigger I sole you las' spring?'

[37]  "Henry's marster shuck his head en knock de ashes off'n his seegyar [cigar].

[38] "'Spec' I made a bad bahgin [bargain] when I bought dat nigger. Henry done good wuk all de summer, but sence de fall set in he 'pears ter be sorter pinin' away. Dey ain' nuffin pertickler[nothing particular] de matter wid 'im— leastways de doctor say so—'cep'n' a tech er de rheumatiz; but his ha'r is all fell out, en ef he don't pick up his strenk [strength] mighty soon, I spec' I'm gwine ter lose 'im."

[39] "Dey smoked on awhile, en bimeby [by and by] ole mars [master] say, 'Well, a bahgin's a bahgin [a bargain's a bargain], but you en me is good fren's, en I doan wan' ter see you lose all de money you paid fer dat nigger; en ef w'at you say is so, en I ain't 'sputin' it, he ain't wuf much now. I spec's you wukked him too ha'd dis summer, er e'se de swamps down here don't agree wid de san'-hill* nigger. So you des lemme know, en ef he gits any wusser I'll be willin' ter gib yer five hund'ed dollars fer 'im, en take my chances on his livin'.' ["san'-hill" = sandhill or sandhills, geographic area in central-eastern North Carolina, in contrast to swamp areas of southeastern North Carolina]

[40] "Sho nuff, when Henry begun ter draw up wid de rheumatiz en it look like he gwine ter die fer sho, his noo marster sen' fer Mars Dugal', en Mars Dugal' gin him what he promus, en brung Henry home ag'in. He tuk good keer uv 'im dyoin' er de winter,—give 'im w'iskey ter rub his rheumatiz, en terbacker ter smoke, en all he want ter eat,—'caze a nigger w'at he could make a thousan' dollars a year off'n didn' grow on eve'y huckleberry bush.

[41]  "Nex' spring, w'en de sap ris en Henry's ha'r commence' ter sprout, Mars Dugal' sole 'im ag'in, down in Robeson County dis time; en he kep' dat sellin' business up fer five year er mo'. Henry nebber say nuffin 'bout de goopher ter his noo marsters, 'caze he know he gwine ter be tuk good keer uv de nex' winter, w'en Mars Dugal' buy him back. En Mars Dugal' made 'nuff money off'n Henry ter buy anudder plantation ober on Beaver Crick.

[42] "But long 'bout de een' er dat [about the end of that] five year dey [there] come a stranger ter stop at de plantation. De fus' day he 'uz dere he went out wid Mars Dugal' en spent all de mawnin' lookin' ober de vimya'd, en atter dinner dey spent all de evenin' playin' kya'ds [cards]. De niggers soon 'skiver' dat he wuz a Yankee, en dat he come down ter Norf C'lina fer ter learn de w'ite folks how to raise grapes en make wine. He promus Mars Dugal' he cud make de grapevimes b'ar [bear] twice't ez many grapes, en dat de noo wine-press he wuz a-sellin' would make mo' d'n twice't ez [more than twice as] many gallons er wine. En ole Mars Dugal' des drunk it all in, des 'peared ter be bewitched wit dat Yankee. W'en de darkies see dat Yankee runnin' 'roun de vimya'd en diggin' under de grapevimes, dey shuk dere heads, en 'lowed dat dey feared Mars Dugal' losin' his min'. Mars Dugal' had all de dirt dug away fum under de roots er all de scuppernon' vimes, an' let 'em stan' dat away fer a week er mo'. Den dat Yankee made de niggers fix up a mixtry [mixture] er lime en ashes en manyo [manure], en po' [pour] it roun' de roots er de grapevimes. Den he 'vise' [advised] Mars Dugal' fer ter trim de vimes close't, en Mars Dugal' tuck 'n done eve'ything de Yankee tole him ter do. Dyoin' all er dis time, mind yer, 'e wuz libbin' off'n de fat er de lan', at de big house, en playin' kyards wid Mars Dugal' eve'y night; en dey say Mars Dugal' los' mo'n a thousan' dollars dyoin' er de week dat Yankee wuz a runnin' de grapevimes.

[43] "W'en de sap ris nex' spring, ole Henry 'n'inted his head ez yuzhal, en his ha'r commence' ter grow des de same ez it done eve'y year. De scuppernon' vimes growed monst's fas', en de leaves wuz greener en thicker dan dey eber be'n dyowin my rememb'ance; en Henry's ha'r growed out thicker dan eber, en he 'peared ter git younger 'n younger, en soopler 'n soopler; en seein' ez he wuz sho't er han's dat spring, havin' tuk in consid'able noo groun', Mars Dugal' 'cluded he wouldn' sell Henry 'tel he git de crap in en de cotton chop' [till he get the crop in and the cotton chopped]. So he kep' Henry on de plantation.

[44] "But 'long 'bout time fer de grapes ter come on de scuppernon' vimes, dey 'peared ter come a change ober dem; de leaves wavered [withered] en swivel' [shriveled] up, en de young grapes turn' yaller, en bimeby eve'ybody on de plantation could see dat de whole vimya'd wuz dyin'. Mars Dugal' tuck 'n water de vimes en done all he could, but 't wan' no use: dat Yankee done bus' de watermillyum. One time de vimes picked up a bit, en Mars Dugal' thought dey wuz gwine ter come out ag'in; but dat Yankee done dug too close unde' de roots, en prune de branches too close ter de vime, en all dat lime en ashes done burn' de life outen de vimes, en dey des kep' a with'in' en a swivelin'.

[45] "All dis time de goopher wuz a-wukkin'. W'en de vimes commence' ter wither, Henry commence' ter complain er his rheumatiz, en when de leaves begin ter dry up his ha'r commence' ter drap out. When de vimes fresh up a bit Henry 'ud git peart agin, en when de vimes wither agin Henry 'ud git ole agin, en des kep' gittin' mo' en mo' fitten fer nuffin; he des pined away, en fine'ly tuk ter his cabin; en when de big vime whar he got de sap ter 'n'int his head withered en turned yaller en died, Henry died too,—des went out sorter like a cannel [candle]. Dey didn't 'pear ter be nuffin de matter wid 'im, 'cep'n de rheumatiz, but his strenk des dwinel' away 'tel he didn' hab ernuff lef' ter draw his bref. De goopher had got de under holt, en th'owed Henry fer good en all dat time.

[46] "Mars Dugal' tuk on might'ly 'bout losin' his vimes en his nigger in de same year; en he swo' dat ef he could git hold er dat Yankee he'd wear 'im ter a frazzle, en den chaw up de frazzle; en he'd done it, too, for Mars Dugal' 'uz a monst'us brash man w'en he once git started. He sot de vimya'd out ober agin, but it wuz th'ee er fo' year befo' de vimes got ter b'arin' any scuppernon's.

[47] "W'en de wah broke out, Mars Dugal' raise' a comp'ny, en went off ter fight de Yankees. He saw he wuz mighty glad dat wah come, en he des want ter kill a Yankee fer eve'y dollar he los' 'long er dat grape-raisin' Yankee. En I 'spec' he would a done it, too, ef de Yankees hadn' s'picioned sump'n, en killed him fus'. Atter de s'render ole miss move' ter town, de niggers all scattered 'way fum de plantation, en de vimya'd ain' be'n cultervated sence."

[48] "Is that story true?" asked Annie, doubtfully, but seriously, as the old man concluded his narrative.

[49] "It's des ez [just as] true ez I'm a-settin' here, miss. Dey's a easy way ter prove it: I kin lead de way right ter Henry's grave ober yander in de plantation buryin'-groun'. En I tell yer w'at, marster, I wouldn' 'vise yer to buy dis yer ole vimya'd, 'caze de goopher's on it yit, en dey ain' no tellin' w'en it's gwine ter crap [crop] out."

[50] "But I thought you said all the old vines died."

[51]  "Dey did 'pear ter die, but a few ov 'em come out ag'in, en is mixed in mongs' de yuthers. I ain' skeered ter eat de grapes, 'caze I knows de old vimes fum de noo ones; but wid strangers dey ain' no tellin' w'at might happen. I wouldn' 'vise yer ter buy dis vimya'd."

[52] I bought the vineyard, nevertheless, and it has been for a long time in a thriving condition, and is referred to by the local press as a striking illustration of the opportunities open to Northern capital in the development of Southern industries [overcoming of local culture by national culture]. The luscious scuppernong holds first rank among our grapes, though we cultivate a great many other varieties, and our income from grapes packed and shipped to the Northern markets is quite considerable. I have not noticed any developments of the goopher in the vineyard, although I have a mild suspicion that our colored assistants do not suffer from want of grapes during the season.

[53]  I found, when I bought the vineyard, that Uncle Julius had occupied a cabin on the place for many years, and derived a respectable revenue from the neglected grapevines. This, doubtless, accounted for his advice to me not to buy the vineyard, though whether it inspired the goopher story I am unable to state. I believe, however, that the wages I pay him for his services are more than an equivalent for anything he lost by the sale of the vineyard.

END

scuppernong vine

scuppernong grapes

Scuppernong River, NC