LITR 5731 Multicultural Literature    
Colonial-Postcolonial
terms & themes

Millennialism

Objective 7. To register and evaluate the persistence of millennial or apocalyptic narratives, images, and themes as a means of comprehending or symbolizing the colonial-postcolonial encounter.

 

White Teeth -- Jehovah's Witnesses, world perennially ending

 

 

apocalypse, millennialism in Robinson Crusoe

JUNE 27. —The ague again so violent that I lay a-bed all day, and neither ate nor drank. I was ready to perish for thirst; but so weak, I had not strength to stand up, or to get myself any water to drink. Prayed to God again, but was light-headed; and when I was not, I was so ignorant that I knew not what to say; only I lay and cried, "Lord, look upon me! Lord, pity me! Lord, have mercy upon me!" I suppose I did nothing else for two or three hours; till, the fit wearing off, I fell asleep, and did not wake till far in the night. When I awoke, I found myself much refreshed, but weak, and exceeding thirsty. However, as I had no water in my habitation, I was forced to lie till morning, and went to sleep again.

In this second sleep I had this terrible dream: I thought that I was sitting on the ground, on the outside of my wall, where I sat when the storm blew after the earthquake, and that I saw a man descend from a great black cloud, in a bright flame of fire, and light upon the ground. He was all over as bright as a flame, so that I could but just bear to look towards him; his countenance was most inexpressibly dreadful, impossible for words to describe. When he stepped upon the ground with his feet, I thought the earth trembled, just as it had done before in the earthquake, and all the air looked, to my apprehension, as if it had been filled with flashes of fire. He was no sooner landed upon the earth, but he moved forward towards me, with a long spear or weapon in his hand, to kill me; and when he came to a rising ground, at some distance, he spoke to me—or I heard a voice so terrible that it is impossible to express the terror of it. All that I can say I understood was this: "Seeing all these things have not brought thee to repentance, now thou shalt die;" at which words, I thought he lifted up the spear that was in his hand to kill me.

 

Revelation chapter 1

12: And I turned to see the voice that spake with me. And being turned, I saw seven golden candlesticks;

13: And in the midst of the seven candlesticks one like unto the Son of man
, clothed with a garment down to the foot . . .

14: His head and his hairs were white like wool, as white as snow; and his eyes were as a flame of fire; . . .

16: And he had in his right hand seven stars: and out of his mouth went a sharp two-edged sword: and his countenance was as the sun shineth in his strength.

 

 

apocalypse, millennialism in Lucy

8 Book of Revelation

72 on last legs, disappear from the earth

88 ruins

118 the end, the ruin

122 break apart, holding together

129 mansion in ruins, sugar industry in Caribbean

156 he loved ruins . . . sad, gradual decline

 

 

 

 

 

 

from Train to Pakistan

77 early Sept., time schedules going wrong, trains less punctual

without realizing that times had changed

[cf. magic realism]

one morning, train halted

78 ghostly quality

80 Kalyug the dark age

 

 

Apocalypse Now

Heart of Darkness

42 flight of the last hope from the earth

 

 

Yeats's "The Second Coming" presented by Danielle

The Second Coming

1820

William Butler Yeats

TURNING and turning in the widening gyre
The falcon cannot hear the falconer;
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere
The ceremony of innocence is drowned;
The best lack all conviction, while the worst
Are full of passionate intensity.

Surely some revelation is at hand;
Surely the Second Coming is at hand.
The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out
When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi
Troubles my sight: somewhere in sands of the desert
A shape with lion body and the head of a man,
A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun,
Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it
Reel shadows of the indignant desert birds.
The darkness drops again; but now I know
That twenty centuries of stony sleep
Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle,

And what rough beast, its hour come round at last,
Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?

 

Title of Achebe's novel:

Things Fall Apart

intertextuality also with Book of Revelation,

Revelation 13

And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy. . . .

13 And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men,

 14 And deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast, which had the wound by a sword, and did live.