LITR 5731: Seminar in American Minority Literature
University of Houston-Clear Lake, fall 2001
Student Research Proposal

Michelle Stephenson

Dr. White,

After reading Becky's email regarding the subject of names/name-calling, I am very interested in doing my research journal on the topic of names, codes, nicknames, dual-meanings, play on words, etc. I did not realize that Andrea Dunn was already doing her paper on this subject. Would it be possible for me to explore this topic as well? My resources and personal experiences will differ from Andrea's and therefore should have a different twist to it. I have also read other books by Morrison such as Sula, Beloved, Tar Baby, and The Bluest Eye and could possibly tie those in as well.

My second topic of interest is the rise of African-American popular literature in the 1990s. I could use books from writers such as Toni Morrison, Bebe Campbell Moore, Gloria Naylor, Maya Angelou, Ntozake Shange, etc. and compare how these authors portray women in society.

I could go either way so your feedback would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks.

Michelle Stephenson

 

Dear Michelle,

You sound sharper on the first topic about names, so I'd recommend going with that. No problem with you and Andrea doing the same general topic. Judging from your details, you could concentrate on Morrison's own development of naming in several novels. This could be relevant, of course, to African American culture generally, but since you've read so much Morrison, you could concentrate on how naming fits in with her own style and concerns.

The other topic is also possible, however, so if you want to offer any further details on either of these, or just to chekc in later, please do so.

Dr. White,

I have changed my mind about doing the topic of "names" and would like to do my research project (journal) on the role of African-American women in the Civil Rights Movement. This is a topic that I have always been very interested in, but do not know a lot about. I do know, however, that the strength of this movement is mainly associated with men such as Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. I also know that African-American women have received minimal national recognition for their actions and are rarely recognized in historical documentaries, articles, etc. Women's experiences in the Civil Rights Movement can tell us a lot about the lives of ordinary women and how they played a significant role in a movement based on the idea of equality. My journal will focus on the "double jeopardy" of being Black and being a woman and will include women such as Rosa Parks, Angela Davis, Coretta Scott King, women of the Black Panther Party and the Black Feminist Activists, etc. Let us remember that it was not a Black man, but a Black woman, who refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955.

My journal will consist of several short 2-3 pages papers, which will include information from biographies, autobiographies, stories, articles, websites, documentaries and maybe even personal interviews (if I am lucky).

Note: I have just started to do my research, therefore, the following outline and sources may or may not be used for my journal. This is just to give you an idea of what I have been browsing through.

The Role Of African-American Women in the Civil Rights Movement

I. Montgomery Bus Boycott-Rosa Parks

II. Desegregation-Central High, Little Rock, AR- Minniejean Brown, Melba Patillo

III. Sit-ins/Freedom Rides/Riots

IV. The Wives of King and Malcolm X- Coretta Scott King, Betty Shabazz

V.Women of the Black Panther Party-Angela Davis

VI.Black Feminist Activists/Black Women Organizations

Works Cited (Unofficial)

Davis, Marianna W., ed. (1981) Contributions of Black Women to America. Vol. II.

Estell, Kenneth (1994) The African-American Almanac. Sixth Edition.

Giddings, Paula. When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America.

Hardy, Gayle J. (1993) American Women Civil Rights Activists: Bibliographies of 68 Leaders, 1825-1992.

Salem, Dorothy C., ed. (1993) African-American Women: A Biographical Dictionary.

Journal Articles

Gender & Society, 1993 7(2): pages 162-182. B. Barnett. Invisible Southern

Black Women Leaders in the Civil Rights Movement: The Triple Constraints of Gender, Race, and Class.

Sage: A Scholarly Journal on Black Women, 1988 5(2): pages 60-64 D. Bryan.

Her-Story Unsilenced: Black Female Activists in the Civil Rights Movement

Dissertations

Crawford, Vicki Lynn (1987) Emory University. We Shall Not Be Moved: Black Female Activists in the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement, 1960-1965.

Gyant, Laverne (1990) Pennsylvania State University. Contributions of African-American Women to Nonformal Education During the Civil Rights Movement, 1955-1965"

Dear Michelle,

This is a good topic too, and probably more practical for the journal. My only suggestion would be to make the journal at least somewhat more literary, if only by reviewing the literature available on the subject and particularly the writings of the women themselves. Some of the writings may take the form of oral histories and memoirs. Others will be important biographies by the next generation of African American women. One name to add may be Fannie Lou Hamer (I think all this is spelled right), who died only a few years ago, and I think some book by or about her came out around the time of her death.

A video biography of Dr. King I saw once mentioned that much of the Civil Rights movement grew out of the black church and shared its structure, so that you had a male leader or figurehead, but the next rank of powers might be female instead of male, as with the "mothers of the church."

Here are some sources I found in the Oxford Companion to African American Literature:

Jackquelyn Grant, "Black Women and the Church," in But Some of Us Are Brave, eds. Gloria T. Hull, P. B. Scott, and B. Smith, 1982, pp. 141-152.

Armistead Robinson and Patricia Sullivan, eds., New Directions in Civil Rights Studies, 1991.

A number of other sources were listed under "Civil Rights" in the Oxford Companion.

Oops, I didn't scroll down far enough--you've done a lot of research already, which looks good. Thanks.

>

Dr. White,

I will stick with my last proposal. Is this outline ok?

The Civil Rights Movement: A Woman's Perspective

I. History of the Civil Rights Movement/Role of African-American Women in the movement

II. Literature by African-American Women during the Civil Rights

Movement

III. Oral Histories/Memoirs

IV. Articles/Books on the Civil Rights Movement by African-American

Women of the next generation

Dear Michelle,

Yes, this looks like progression from the historical background to the literature rising from it. Proceed!