LITR 5731 Seminar in American
Multicultural Literature Tuesday, 20 April: conclude Cisneros, begin gay literature Reading Assignments: Sandra Cisneros, Woman Hollering Creek (complete)
Reading discussion leader:
Sarah McCall DeLaRosa
Woman Hollering Creek –
Part 2 Section III: There Was a Man,
There Was a Woman Also Chapter called “There
Was a Man, There Was a Woman” Maybe let’s start there…
“There Was a Man, There
Was a Woman”
(pg 133)
·
Very short—3 paragraphs
long. Opening sentence is Chapter title and Section title.
Why is this
story given such emphasis?
·
Man and woman do not know
each other, keep missing each other—never meet. Like an almost-love story.
But would
they be any good together anyway? Nothing tells us so. Nothing gives any
indication of what types of people they are or would be for each other. Others worth consideration,
in order of appearance (not that they aren’t all worth it, but we may not have
time): “Eyes of Zapata”—extra long,
interesting moments “Little Miracles, Kept
Promises”—interesting format “Tin Tan Tan” and “Bien
Pretty”—go together Ones I’m leaving out, for the
record: “Bread” “Anguiano Religious Articles
Rosaries Statues Medals Incense Candles Talismans Perfumes Oils Herbs” “Los Boxers”
“Eyes of Zapata”
(pg 85)
·
The eyes of the Zapata
family, Emiliáno and Nicolás have them (pg 96), mysterious and powerful eyes (pg
101), watchful eyes (pg 107), her eyes and his eyes (pg 113)
Why this
focus on the eyes (the title)? What does this do for us?
·
Repeating scenes:
The sex scene, “the color of your sex” description –
pgs 85, 95, 109, 113
Description of his
charro outfit (link to
Wikipedia article with pictures) – pgs 85, 107, 110
Meeting at the fair in San Lázaro – pgs 85, 89, 94,
107, 108, 113
Under the avocado tree – pgs 89, 107, 108, 108, 109,
113
The land titles hidden in the church – pgs 87, 112
Leaving her father – pgs 89, 90, 92, 95, 107
Her earrings, selling them – pgs 93, 102
Why repeat
these scenes? What effect does it produce?
·
Mexican Revolution (link to Wikipedia article) Major armed struggle that
started in 1910 with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime
autocrat Porfirio Díaz. Several socialist, liberal,
anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Revolution evolved from a
revolt against the established order to a multi-sided civil war. Produced the Mexican
Constitution of 1917. The Revolution is generally
considered to have lasted until 1920, although the country continued to have
sporadic, but comparatively minor, outbreaks of warfare well into the 1920s.
·
Emiliano Zapata (link to Wikipedia article)
Born in
Mestizos,
mixed Nahua and Spanish ancestry.
Why make up
this love story about Zapata?
·
Inés (narrator) Flying, bird imagery – pgs
88, 97, 110
What is this?
Magic realism? A dream?
She has visions. People called her a bruja, and her mother
as well? – pg 104
·
Power of words – pg 105,
111
What do you
think of these passages?
“Little Miracles, Kept
Promises” (pg
118)
·
Prayers—asking for help
and thank-you notes, some seem superficial (acne, boyfriend, good grades, etc)
·
So many different writing
styles. Good job Cisneros!
A few
miracles mentioned, and a few prayers answered, but many of the notes are so far
not yet ‘kept promises,’ is the chapter title being optimistic? Not many kept
promises to be named after.
·
Five letters to “Black
Christ” (Wiki Español article), three of the five are in Spanish, one in
code.
Coded letter translated:
“Miraculous Black Christ of Esquipulas,
I ask you, Lord, with all my heart please watch over
Manny Benavidos who is overseas. I love him and I don’t know what to do about
all this love sadness and shame that fills me.
Benjamin T.
Is Benjamin
gay? Is that why he’s writing in code?
·
List of prayers
transitions into Chayo’s story.
I didn’t
appreciate Chayo’s story as much as I did the prayers. Her story seemed like an
interruption to me. How did you like it?
·
Chayo is an independent,
modern, untraditional woman. Had problems accepting idea of Virgin Mary and the
type of women her relatives were, until she realized how powerful they are.
What do you
think of Chayo’s change of heart?
“Tin Tan Tan”
(pg 135)
·
Searching for the meaning
of “Tin Tan Tan” / “Tan Tán” phrases
Tin Tan, the Mexican actor, real name Germán Valdés
(1915-1973)
Tan Tan, a type of drum
Tan-Tan, a city in
Tan Tán, “so-so” in Spanish
So… what
then? I’m not too sure.
·
An unrequited love poem.
·
Clues to connection with
“Bien Pretty:” Acrostic (first letter of
each paragraph, marked in bold type) spells “Lupita”—the narrator of following
chapter, “Bien Pretty” (Lupe Arredondo) Written by Rogelio Velasco,
the penname of Flavio Munguía (pg 138). The day he arrived at her
door, with his “tools of the trade,” and the extermination (like bugs)
metaphore—Flavio came to the house Lupe was taking care of to exterminate the
roaches in “Bien Pretty.”
How do you
feel about the connection between “Tin Tan Tan” and “Bien Pretty?” Do you think
there is one or is it just me?
“Bien Pretty”
(pg 137)
·
A poet (Flavio) and a
painter (Lupe)… in love?
·
Popocatépetl and Iztaccíhuatl (Wikipedia article)
Many versions
of the story, here’s one quoted from Wiki (seems to be the one referenced in
“Bien Pretty”):
Iztaccíhuatl's father sent
·
Lupe becomes an empowered
woman after Flavio leaves her, a woman who makes things happen, not whom things
happen to. She reimagines the Popo myth
(pg 163)
What do you
think of Lupe’s transformation?
·
Clues to connection to
“Tin Tan Tan:” Lupe never told Flavio that
she loved him (pg 160) She mentions that she saved
the last poem he gave her before he left (pg 161)—but she won’t tell us about it
because it’s prettier in Spanish?
Do you still
think this is the same poem? I do. I think Cisneros ‘ignored’ Lupe’s wishes. Do
you think “Tin Tan Tan” and “Bien Pretty” are connected?
·
Urracas. Grackles.
What do you
make of the grackle ending?
Themes throughout the
stories:
·
Mentions of Mexican “old gods”/paganism and Catholicism,
side by side, both trusted and respected (Syncretism
Wiki article)
“Eyes of Zapata” pg 99
“Little Miracles, Kept Promises” pgs 119, 128
“Bien Pretty” pg 158
·
The appreciation (or not)
of native, Indo-Mexican language and culture.
“Bien Pretty” pg 149, 151
“Eyes of Zapata” pg 106
Miliano himself is Mexican-Indian
·
Spanish vs English
(Spanish wins)
“Bien Pretty” pgs 153, 164
“Little Miracles, Kept Promises” pg 117
many prayers written in (or supplemented with)
Spanish
·
Powerful women
“Bien Pretty” pg 161
Lupe, in the end
“Little Miracles, Kept Promises” pgs 118, 128
Chayo herself
Any thoughts?
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